Echinoidea |
Spatangoida |
Loveniidae
Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet
Ökologie
Benthic; brackwasser; tiefenbereich 0 - 230 m (Ref. 85345). Subtropical; 72°N - 41°S, 32°W - 179°E
Indo-West Pacific, Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean.
Länge bei der ersten Reifung / Größe / Gewicht / Alter
Geschlechtsreife: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 6.0 cm WD Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 7882)
Species' maximum size from the North Sea off Belgium (Ref. 7882). Found in sandbanks (Ref. 96352) and along the coastal zone. Buries in a wide range of sediment types but often in coarser-grained sediment with low mud content of less than 20% (Ref. 7882). Reported in areas influenced by estuarine outflows (Ref. 96507). Herbivorous epistratum (sub-surface deposit) feeder (Refs. 96352, 96501).
Lebenszyklus und Paarungsverhalten
Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fruchtbarkeit | Larven
Members of the class Echinoidea are gonochoric. Fertilization is external. Brooding is common, eggs are held either on the peristome, around the periproct or deep into the concavities on the petaloids. Life cycle: Embryos develop into planktotrophic larvae (echinoplateus) and live for several months before they sink to the bottom using their tube feet to adhere on the ground where they metamorphose into young urchins.
Gaspar, M.B., M.N. Santos, F. Leitão, L. Chícharo, A. Chícharo and C.C. Monteiro 2003 Recovery of substrates and macro-benthos after fishing trials with a new Portuguese clam dredge. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 83:713-717. (Ref. 2703)
IUCN Rote Liste Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
CITES Status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Bedrohung für Menschen
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kommerziell
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Mehr Information
LebenszyklusFortpflanzungGeschlechtsreifeFruchtbarkeitAblaichenEierEientwicklungLarven PhysiologieSauerstoffverbrauch
MenschenbezogenBriefmarken, Münzen, Verschiedenes.
Internet Quellen
Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen
Bevorzugte Temperatur
(Ref.
115969): 7 - 14.4, mean 9.8 (based on 654 cells).
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Preiskategorie
Unknown.
