Bivalvia |
Cardiida |
Cardiidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / djupintervall / distribution range
Ekologi
; djupintervall 0 - 35 m (Ref. 75831). Tropical; 23°C - 30°C (Ref. 102835); 38°N - 29°S, 92°E - 178°W
Indo-Pacific: from Myanmar then east to Wallis and Futuna, north to Japan and south to western Australia. Introduced beyond Wallis and Futuna in the Pacific.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Könsmognad: Lm ?, range 25 - 35 cm Max length : 137 cm SHL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 99323); common length : 80.0 cm SHL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 348); publicerad maxvikt: 500.0 kg (Ref. 81839)
It is white and fan-shaped with deep radiating ribs.
Known to be the largest bivalve mollusks that exist. Exploited for its meat and shell, this species has recently become nearly extinct within an important part of its range, due to over collecting. Trials of aquaculture under progress for the restocking of reefs and local farming (Ref. 348). Facultative planktotroph. It has an established symbiotic relationship with a dinoflagellate algae (zooxanthellae) which allows them to survive. It ingests the algae at an early stage and the latter propagates in the gut (Ref. 100719).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Becomes simultaneous hermaphrodite in its later years. Spawning is seasonal, based on its northern and southern limits of distribution (Ref. 100714).
SAUP Database 2006 SAUP Database. www.seaaroundus.org. (Ref. 356)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
Fiskeri: kommersiell; Vattenbruk: kommersiell
FAO - Vattenbruk: production; | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Verktyg
Ytterligare information
PhysiologySyreförbrukning
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Internet-källor
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 24.8 - 29.3, mean 28.6 (based on 2805 cells).
Resiliens
Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (K=0.07-0.2).
Fishing Vulnerability
High to very high vulnerability (73 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.
Nutrients : Calcium = 149 [71, 228] mg/100g; Iron = 8.53 [1.95, 15.11] mg/100g; Protein = 9.88 [8.64, 11.12] %; Omega3 = 0.313 [0.202, 0.423] g/100g; Selenium = 61 [50, 72] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 2.04 [0.56, 3.51] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
