Bivalvia |
Cardiida |
Cardiidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
; تغييرات عمق 0 - 35 m (مرجع 75831). Tropical; 23°C - 30°C (مرجع 102835); 38°N - 29°S, 92°E - 178°W
Indo-Pacific: from Myanmar then east to Wallis and Futuna, north to Japan and south to western Australia. Introduced beyond Wallis and Futuna in the Pacific.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm ?, range 25 - 35 cm Max length : 137 cm SHL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 99323); common length : 80.0 cm SHL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 348); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 500.0 kg (مرجع 81839)
It is white and fan-shaped with deep radiating ribs.
Known to be the largest bivalve mollusks that exist. Exploited for its meat and shell, this species has recently become nearly extinct within an important part of its range, due to over collecting. Trials of aquaculture under progress for the restocking of reefs and local farming (Ref. 348). Facultative planktotroph. It has an established symbiotic relationship with a dinoflagellate algae (zooxanthellae) which allows them to survive. It ingests the algae at an early stage and the latter propagates in the gut (Ref. 100719).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Becomes simultaneous hermaphrodite in its later years. Spawning is seasonal, based on its northern and southern limits of distribution (Ref. 100714).
مآخذ اصلی
مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
SAUP Database 2006 SAUP Database. www.seaaroundus.org. (مرجع 356)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN
(مرجع 130435: Version 2025-1)
وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري; آبزي پروري: تجاري
FAO - آبزي پروري: production; | FishSource | Sea Around Us
ابزارها
اطلاعات بيشتر
PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 24.8 - 29.3, mean 28.6 (based on 2805 cells).
جهندگی
پايين ، كم, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 5/4 – 14 سال (K=0.07-0.2).
Fishing Vulnerability
High to very high vulnerability (73 of 100).
طبقه قيمت
Unknown.
Nutrients : Calcium = 149 [71, 228] mg/100g; Iron = 8.53 [1.95, 15.11] mg/100g; Protein = 9.88 [8.64, 11.12] %; Omega3 = 0.313 [0.202, 0.423] g/100g; Selenium = 61 [50, 72] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 2.04 [0.56, 3.51] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
