Sterna sandvicensis, Sandwich tern
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Sterna sandvicensis   Latham, 1787

Sandwich tern
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Classification / Names आम नाम | उपशब्द | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Aves | Charadriiformes | Laridae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / गहराई सीमा / distribution range पारिस्थितिकी

; खारा.  Tropical; 64°N - 44°S, 98°W - 72°E (संदर्भ 125423)

Distribution देश | ऐफ ऐ ओ क्षेत्र | Ecosystems | संयोग | भूमिका

Eastern Pacific, Indian Ocean, Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.

Length at first maturity / आकार / Weight / Age

परिपक्व अवधि: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 45.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (संदर्भ 8812); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 300.00 g (संदर्भ 356)

Short description आकृति विज्ञान

Culmen: 5.8 cm; tarsus: 2.54 cm; wing: 32.5 cm.

जीवविज्ञान     शब्द संग्रह (उदाहरणार्थ epibenthic)

Total Length: 40 to 45 cm; Wingspan: 91 to 94 cm (Ref. 8812). A coastal species (Ref. 356), found on beach and shoreline, nearshore and in islands (Ref. 116102). Primarily foraging inshore. In the North Sea off the east coast of Scotland and northern England, they are known to partially feed on the sandeel, Ammodytes marinus. Breeding pairs share incubation and chick-rearing duties in nesting colonies. They surface-feed by scooping prey from the water and carry it in their bills (Ref. 95711). Displays plunge-diving behavior (Ref. 356). Adults feed their chicks with regurgitated food (Ref. 95711).

Life cycle and mating behavior परिपक्व अवधि | पुनरुत्पत्ति | मछलीऔ का अंडे देना | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference संदर्भ | संयोजक | सहयोगीयो

Stienen, E.W.M. and A. Brenninkmeijer 2002 Variation in growth in Sandwich Tern chicks Sterna sandvicensis and the consequences for pre- and post-fledging mortality. Ibis 144:567-576. (संदर्भ 5815)

IUCN Red List Status (संदर्भ 130435: Version 2025-1)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 August 2019

CITES status (संदर्भ 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (संदर्भ 116361)


Threat to humans

Human uses


| FishSource |

साधन

अधिक जानकारी

Trophic Ecology
Food items (preys)
संघटक आहार
आहार खपत
परभक्षी
पारिस्थितिकी
Population dynamics
बाढ़
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
बहुतायत
Life cycle
पुनरुत्पत्ति
परिपक्व अवधि
Fecundity
मछलीऔ का अंडे देना
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Physiology
Oxygen consumption

इंटरनेट स्रोत

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, खोज) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 9.5 - 28.8, mean 25.6 (based on 3906 cells).
लौटाव (Ref. 69278): ऊंचा, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी समय अवलागत 15 महीने। (K=54.13).
Fishing Vulnerability (संदर्भ 71543): Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Price category (संदर्भ 80766): Unknown.