Not assigned | 
Sipuncula | 
Phascolosomatidae
			
			
			
				Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range				
				
					Ecology				
				
			
			
				Benthic; depth range 0 - 5 m (Ref. 1815).  Temperate			
			
			
				
			
			
			
				Indo-Pacific and the Mediterranean:  Korean Peninsula.
			
			
			
			
			
				Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
			
			
				Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 4.0 cm TRKL male/unsexed; (Ref. 1815)			
			
			
							
				
				
					
						Comparatively large animals of grayish yellow color.  Body cylindrical.  Trunk region 0.4 - 4 cm
long.  Introvert almost as long as trunk region.  Entire body surface densely set with large (0.06 - 0.08 cm) dome-shaped black papillae.  Papillae especially numerous on terminal and anal shields. Cephalon bear-ing crown of 21-29 tentacles in horseshoe-like arrangement
around heart-shaped nuchal organ.  Behind cephalon, introvert bearing specialized cuticular appendages (scalids), arranged into 15-30 circles.  Two ventral and two dorsal retractors of introvert.  Ventral retractors anchored in posterior third of trunk. Contractile vessel simple, with no lateral branches.  Intestine with 10-18 loops, in dependence on animal size.  Longitudinal
musculature of body wall divided into pronounced, isolated longitudinal bands.  Spindle-shaped muscle fastened at terminal end of trunk; 1-3 fixing muscles.  Anus located somewhat in front of or level with nephrophores.  Wing muscles well-developed.  Rectal diverticulum
absent.  2 nephridia fastened to body wall along 1/3 of their length via thin mesenterial filaments. Nephridiums 30 - 50 percentage as long as trunk (Ref. 1815).					
				
				
						
			
			
			
			
				
					Intertidal and subtidal on vegetation (Ref. 1815).  Depth based on occurrence (Ref. 1815); to be replaced with better reference. Subtidal (Ref. 1815).				
			
			
			
			
			
				Life cycle and mating behavior				
					Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae				
			
			
				
									
			
			
			
			
			
				Morozov, T.B. and A.V. Adrianov 2002 Fauna of Sipunculans (Sipuncula) of Vostok Bay, Sea of Japan. Russian Journal of Marine Biology 28(6):365-370. (Ref. 1815)
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
					
						IUCN Red List Status    
						 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
					
					
					
				
			
			
			
			
				CITES status   (Ref. 108899)
			
			
				
					Not Evaluated				
			
			
			
			
			
			
				
					Not Evaluated				
			
			
			
			
			
				Threat to humans  
			
			
				
									
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				Human uses  
			
			
							
			
			
				 | FishSource | 			
			
			
			
			
			
Tools
			
			
			
			
				
					More information				
				
					 Trophic EcologyFood items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Predators
  Population dynamicsGrowth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundance
  Life cycleReproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
  PhysiologyOxygen consumption
  Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
  
			 
			
			
			
				Internet sources
			
			
			
			
			
				Estimates based on models
			
			
			
									
						Preferred temperature  					
				 (Ref. 
115969): 7.7 - 28.8, mean 21.6 (based on 2164 cells).			
 
			
			
			
			
			
						
							
				
					
						Fishing Vulnerability  					
					
					
						Low vulnerability (10 of 100).					
				
						
						
			
									
						Price category  					
					
					Unknown.