Hydrozoa | 
Anthoathecata | 
Bougainvilliidae
			
			
			
				Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range				
				
					Ecology				
				
			
			
				Pelagic-neritic; depth range 0 - 100 m (Ref. 116516).  Polar			
			
			
				
			
			
			
				Arctic, Northern Atlantic and Pacific Ocean.  Mostly polar, but also subtropical and boreal.
			
			
			
			
			
				Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
			
			
				Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 0.9 cm WD male/unsexed; (Ref. 2992)			
			
			
							
				
				
					
						Bell measures 10 mm high and wide; manubrium varies from pink to white, with 4 very distinctive dichotomously-branched oral tentacles; 4 radial canals; 4 tentacle bulbs, each bearing similar tentacles (<60) and with its own dark ocellus; transparent umbrella (Ref. 2376).					
				
				
						
			
			
			
			
				
					Neritic (Ref. 120409).  Found on bay and nearshore (Ref. 116013).  Colonial (Ref. 19).  Fairly short-lived, occurring in late spring or summer and feeding especially on barnacle nauplii; preyed on by Aequorea sp. and other medusivorous hydromedusae (Ref. 2376).  Also on hard substrate (Ref. 116013).				
			
			
			
			
			
				Life cycle and mating behavior				
					Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae				
			
			
				
					Species exhibits both asexual and sexual reproduction by budding during hydroid stage and release of gametes in medusae stages (Ref. 1663, p. 12, 16).				
			
			
			
			
			
				Cairns, S.D., D.R. Calder, A. Brinckmann-Voss, C.B. Castro, D.G. Fautin, P.R. Pugh, C.E. Mills, W.C. Jaap, M.N. Arai, S.H.D. Haddock and D.M. Opresko 2003 Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Cnidaria and Ctenophore, Second Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no,28. XI+115. With CD-ROM. (Ref. 1663)
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
					
						IUCN Red List Status    
						 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
					
					
					
				
			
			
			
			
				CITES status   (Ref. 108899)
			
			
				
					Not Evaluated				
			
			
			
			
			
			
				
					Not Evaluated				
			
			
			
			
			
				Threat to humans  
			
			
				
									
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				Human uses  
			
			
							
			
			
				 | FishSource | 			
			
			
			
			
			
Tools
			
			
			
			
				
					More information				
				
					 Trophic EcologyFood items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Predators
  Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvae   PhysiologyOxygen consumption
  Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
  
			 
			
			
			
				Internet sources
			
			
			
			
			
				Estimates based on models
			
			
			
							
			
			
			
			
			
						
							
				
					
						Fishing Vulnerability  					
					
					
						Low vulnerability (10 of 100).					
				
						
						
			
									
						Price category  					
					
					Unknown.