Gymnolaemata |
Cheilostomatida |
Smittinidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Sessile. Tropical
Western Central Pacific: Philippines.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the phylum Bryozoa are hermaphroditic. Both fertilization and egg brooding may either be internal or external.
Canu, F. and R.S. Bassler 1929 Bryozoa of the Philippines: contributions to the biology of the Philippine Archipelago and adjacent regions. Smithsonian Institution United States National Museum Bulletin 100(9):685 p. (Ref. 8324)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Trophic EcologyFood items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Predators
Population dynamicsGrowth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundance
Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvae PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models