Cephalopoda |
Sepiida |
Sepiidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 深度上下限 0 - 130 m (Ref. 1695), usually ? - 40 m (Ref. 275). ; 41°N - 26°S, 32°E - 151°E (Ref. 1695)
分布
國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | 簡介
Indo-West Pacific and the Mediterranean Sea: from Red Sea to Japan and Australia.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 12.2, range 5 - 24 cm Max length : 43.0 cm ML 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 275); 33 cm ML (female); 最大體重: 5.0 kg (Ref. 275); 最大體重: 5.0 kg
Common sizes in landings range from 15 to 20 cm (Ref. 3722). This species supports industrial or artisanal fisheries throughout its range. Mostly fished and abundant in Gulf and the Andaman Sea. This species has been grown successfully in culture and techniques are being developed to culture the animals commercially (Ref. 1695). Minimum depth from Ref. 103582. Benthic (Ref. 105085). Epibenthic (Ref. 116259). Most common in shallow coastal waters (Ref. 801). Commonly found over sand and seagrass beds (Ref. 102838). Active predator and exhibits cannibalism (Ref. 105085). Feeds on crustaceans, small fish (Refs. 801, 9773) and cephalopods (Ref. 105085). Able to change color rapidly (Ref. 102838). Coastal demersal. Forms groups during spawning at depths of at most 20m (Ref. 9773).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Members of the class Cephalopoda are gonochoric. Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults.
主要參考資料
參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Jereb, P. and C.F.E. Roper (eds.). 2005. (Ref. 1695)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
CITES狀態 (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
對人類具威脅
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 養殖: 商業性; 水族館: 潛在的
| FishSource |
工具
網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 24.6 - 29.1, mean 28.1 (based on 1516 cells).
回復力
高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=0.46-1.69).
瀕危性
Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
