Spheniscus demersus, Jackass penguin

Spheniscus demersus   (Linnaeus, 1758)

Jackass penguin
Upload your photos 
 All pictures | Google image |
Image of Spheniscus demersus (Jackass penguin)
Spheniscus demersus

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Aves | Sphenisciformes | Spheniscidae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Others.  Subtropical

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Western Indian Ocean and Eastern Atlantic.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 70.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 91362); max. published weight: 3.1 kg (Ref. 356)

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Population decline was recorded in the 19th century wherein 295,000 birds in 1956 became 170,000 birds in 1978. Threats include oil pollution, fisheries, and competition for food and space (Ref. 84934). This is a gregarious species that is commonly found in small groups and within 50 km of shoreline. It breeds in huge colonies in burrows (Ref. 91362), mainly on offshore islands (Ref. 84934). Underwater pursuit (Ref. 356).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Harrison, P. 1987. (Ref. 91362)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)

  Critically Endangered (CR) (A3bce+4bce); Date assessed: 04 July 2024

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Appendix II: International trade monitored

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Appendix II: Migratory species conserved through agreements

Threat to humans

Human uses


| FishSource |

Tools

E-book | Field guide

More information

Trophic Ecology
Food items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Predators
Ecology
Ecology
Population dynamics
Growth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundance
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Distribution
Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Physiology
Oxygen consumption
Human Related
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
Collaborators
Taxonomy
Common names
Synonyms
Morphology
Pictures
References
References

Internet sources

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, Search) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Comments & Corrections
Back to Search
Random Species
Back to Top