Aves |
Charadriiformes |
Alcidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / Mức độ sâu / distribution range
Sinh thái học
; Mức độ sâu 0 - 45 m (Tài liệu tham khảo 60377), usually 15 - 20 m (Tài liệu tham khảo 60377). Temperate; 71°N - 32°N, 145°E - 116°W
Eastern Pacific and the Arctic: Alaska to California. Temperate to subtropical.
Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Weight / Age
Chín muồi sinh dục: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 35.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Tài liệu tham khảo 8812); Khối lượng cực đại được công bố: 487.00 g (Tài liệu tham khảo 356)
Culmen: 4.39 cm; wing: 1.88 cm.
Total Length: 30 to 35 cm (Ref. 8812). A large species (Ref. 87784). Common depth of 15 to 20 m is foraging depth most preferred by species (Ref. 60377). Nearshore feeder (Ref. 87784). Pursuit diver; coastal; <15 km; water <20m deep (Ref. 356). Based on stable isotope analysis (SIA) diet study of egg albumin, belongs to higher N signature group (based on ratios of stable isotopes of nitrogen and carbon): piscivorous with pelagic foraging range. Aquatic courtship display such as calling and wing-raising, head dipping below the sea surface, and flipping below the sea surface or skittering. Typically nests in crevices. On the Farallon Islands, this species usurps nests of smaller Cassin's Auklet by destroying eggs or chicks thereby effectively lowering its habitat competitor's reproductive success. Severely affected by El Niño events by abandoning nesting attempts in the Farallon Islands in central California. Vulnerable to oil spill as a diving species; population still depressed, with over 50% decline, 9 years after the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill in Prince William Sound as an effect of persistent trace oil in the water that caused a decline in forage fish abundance (Ref. 87784).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Chín muồi sinh dục | Sự tái sinh sản | Đẻ trứng | Eggs | Sự sinh sản | Larvae
SAUP Database 2006 SAUP Database. www.seaaroundus.org. (Tài liệu tham khảo 356)
IUCN Red List Status
(Tài liệu tham khảo 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Tài liệu tham khảo 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (Tài liệu tham khảo 116361)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Các công cụ
Thêm thông tin
Population dynamicsSự sinh trưởngMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.Length-frequenciesMass conversionSự phong phú Life cycleSự tái sinh sản
Chín muồi sinh dục
Sự sinh sản
Đẻ trứng
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
PhysiologyThành phần ô-xy
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Các nguồn internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 4.9 - 11.2, mean 8.5 (based on 412 cells).
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.
