Bivalvia |
Cardiida |
Cardiidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Benthic; depth range 10 - 237 m (Ref. 116516). Polar; 82°N - 33°N, 179°W - 174°E
Arctic, Northern Pacific and Northern Atlantic.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 7.0 cm SHL male/unsexed; (Ref. 95344)
Maximum depth from Ref. 117328. Depth estimate based on Family (Ref. 108635).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Bivalvia are mostly gonochoric, some are protandric hermaphrodites. Life cycle: Embryos develop into free-swimming trocophore larvae, succeeded by the bivalve veliger, resembling a miniature clam.
Piepenburg, D., N.V. Chernova, C.F. von Dorrien, J. Gutt, A.V. Neyelov, E. Rachor, L. Saldanha and M.K. Schmid 1996 Megabenthic communities in the waters around Svalbard. Polar Biol. 16:431-446. (Ref. 2952)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Trophic EcologyFood items (preys)Diet compositionFood consumptionPredators Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvae PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Resilience
Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.06-0.18).
Fishing Vulnerability
Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).