Scapharca indica   (Gmelin, 1791)

Rudder ark

Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Scapharca indica  AquaMaps  Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Scapharca indica

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Bivalvia | Arcida | Arcidae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Benthic; depth range 0 - 25 m (Ref. 348).  Tropical

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Indo-West Pacific. Climate: tropical to subtropical.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 5.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 348); common length : 4.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 348)

Short description Morphology

Shell solid, laterally compressed and subrectangular in shape, very inequilateral, much longer than high and wider posteriorly; slightly inequivalve, left valve somewhat overlapping the right valve on posteroventral margin. Umbones small and situated anteriorly, cardinal area long and narrow. About 28 radial ribs (25 to 33) at each valve; ribs low and flat, wider than the interstices, slightly granulated on the anterior part of left valve. Periostracum coarse, concentrically striated. Internal margins with crenulations corresponding with the external radial ribs. No byssal gape. Colour: outside of shell whitish under the blackish brown periostracum. Inner side white, often tinged pale grey at periphery.

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

This species is considered to have a wide range, but the relationship between the Indian Ocean and West Pacific forms is insufficiently known (Ref. 348). On sand and mud bottoms. Littoral and sublittoral to a depth of 25 m (Ref. 348).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Members of the class Bivalvia are mostly gonochoric, some are protandric hermaphrodites. Life cycle: Embryos develop into free-swimming trocophore larvae, succeeded by the bivalve veliger, resembling a miniature clam.

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Poutiers, J.M. 1998. (Ref. 348)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Not Evaluated 

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial
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Tools

E-book | Field guide

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Common names
Synonyms
Predators
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development
Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Morphology
Larvae
Abundance
References
Mass conversion
Collaborators
Pictures

Internet sources

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, Search) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 22.5 - 29.2, mean 28.6 (based on 2384 cells).
Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.