| Main Ref. | Hansson, H.G., 1998 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Inhabits upper layers of all temperate and tropical oceanic waters (Ref. 2255). Epipelagic (Ref. 116362, 116365) and mesopelagic (Ref. 3682). Also in the outer continental shelf (Ref. 116105). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Pelagic; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Rottman, M., 1978 |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | Hansson, H.G., 1998 |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Huliselan, N.V., 2002 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Huliselan, N.V., 2002 |
| Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | 3.00 | 0.00 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | |||||