Ecology Summary - Pterodroma sandwichensis

Ecology Summary - Pterodroma sandwichensis

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Ecology of Pterodroma sandwichensis

Main Ref.	SAUP Database, 2006
Remarks	Pelagic but also occurs in open ocean (Ref. 122680) in deep waters (Ref. 356). Usually foraging within mixed-species feeding flocks over schools of predatory fishes. Feeds by seizing prey while sitting on the water or by dipping prey while flapping just above the ocean surface. Main diet includes squid and fish, especially goatfish and lantern fish and crustaceans (Ref. 122680).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Pterodroma sandwichensis may be found.

Habitat

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	State of hawaii, 2020
Feeding habit	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	State of hawaii, 2020

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items	4.10	0.32			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.

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