Ecology Summary - Pontophilus spinosus

Ecology Summary - Pontophilus spinosus

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Ecology of Pontophilus spinosus

Main Ref.	Jennings, S., J. Lancaster, A. Woolmer and J. Cotter, 1999
Remarks	Benthic (Ref. 78235). Epibenthic (Ref. 87524). Benthopelagic (Ref. 79199). Found on the continental shelf (Ref. 105470) and upper slope (Ref. 78235). Benthos feeder (Ref. 107006).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Pontophilus spinosus may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic: mobile; demersal;
Substrate Ref.	Ellis, J.R., G. Burt and S.I. Rogers, 2007
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.	Jennings, S., J. Lancaster, A. Woolmer and J. Cotter, 1999
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Cartes, J.E., C. Huguet, S. Parra and F. Sanchez, 2007
Feeding habit	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Cartes, J.E., C. Huguet, S. Parra and F. Sanchez, 2007

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items	2.99	0.34			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.

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