| Main Ref. | Cairns, S.D., D.R. Calder, A. Brinckmann-Voss, C.B. Castro, D.G. Fautin, P.R. Pugh, C.E. Mills, W.C. Jaap, M.N. Arai, S.H.D. Haddock and D.M. Opresko, 2003 | 
|---|---|
| Remarks | 
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| Substrate | Benthic: sessile; | 
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | Other habitats: other invertebrates (Polyp found growing on Tubularia indivisa (Rees, 1938), on Spartina spec, shells and many other solid objects, just below the water line.); | 
| Special habitats Ref. | 
| Ref. | Schuchert, P., 2001 | 
|---|---|
| Associations | colony-forming/symphorism; | 
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism | 
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) | 
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Schuchert, P., 2001 | 
| Feeding habit | |
| Feeding habit Ref. | 
| Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | copepod nauplii, protists, and larvae of gastropods and polychaetes. | ||||
| Ref. | Schuchert, P., 2001 | ||||