Ecology Summary - Hydrophis schistosus

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Ecology of Hydrophis schistosus

Main Ref.	Carpenter, K.E., F. Krupp, D.A. Jones and U. Zajonz, 1997
Remarks	Usually occurs in clear shallow reef waters (Ref. 2357), and may travel about ten miles up tidal rivers (Ref. 88062). Also prefers estuarine conditions in Australia (Ref. 2357). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 801), with 4 to 9 young ones in a brood (Ref. 88062). Feeds on fish (Refs. 801, 88062).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Hydrophis schistosus may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic: mobile;: sand; mud;
Substrate Ref.	Greer, A.E., 2006
Special habitats	Coral Reefs;
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.	Carpenter, K.E., F. Krupp, D.A. Jones and U. Zajonz, 1997
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Voris, H.K., H.H. Voris and L.B. Liât, 1978
Feeding habit	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Voris, H.K., H.H. Voris and L.B. Liât, 1978

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items	4.50	0.80			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.