Advertisement

You can sponsor this page

Ursus maritimus   Phipps, 1774

Polar bear
Envoyez vos Photos 
 | Toutes les images | Images Google |
Image of Ursus maritimus (Polar bear)
Ursus maritimus

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

| Carnivora | Ursidae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Écologie

Démersal.  Polar

Distribution Pays | Zones FAO | Écosystèmes | Occurrences | Introductions

Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic: Ursus maritimus maritimus: Canada, Northwest Territories, Baffin Island, Greenland, Svalbard, Russia, Labrador, Newfoundland, Quebec, Iceland, Norway; Ursus maritimus marinus: Russia, Beaufort Sea, Alaska, Bering Sea, Kamchatka, Kuril Island, Sea of Okhotsk, Japan (Ref. 1522).

Length at first maturity / Taille / Poids / Âge

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 250 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 1394); 200 cm TL (female); poids max. publié: 800.0 kg (Ref. 1394); poids max. publié: 800.0 kg

Description synthétique Morphologie

Fur color: white, yellow, grey, or almost brown, depending on season and light conditions; black skin, including nose and lips; plantigrade; claws not retractable.

Biologie     Glossaire (ex. epibenthic)

Generally associated with ice, but they have been swimming at sea many kilometers away from the nearest land. Feeds on ringed, bearded, harp and hooded seals, and rarely walruses and white whales; sometimes eat arctic cod and other forms of animal and vegetable matter (Ref. 1394). Generally associated with ice, but they have been swimming at sea many kilometers away from the nearest land. Feeds on ringed, bearded, harp and hooded seals, and rarely walruses and white whales; sometimes eat arctic cod (Ref. 1394), charr, sculpin, and plants (Ref. 81152). They display migration patterns and spend time on the ice for hunting, a positive energy state, and move to their terrestrial habitat, a negative energy state, when the ice melts. Earlier ice break-ups show earlier arrival of polar bears ashore (Ref. 93189).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves

Référence principale Références | Coordinateur | Collaborateurs

Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood and M.A. Webber. 1993. (Ref. 1394)

Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Vulnérable, voir Liste Rouge IUCN (VU) (A3c); Date assessed: 27 August 2015

statut CITES (Ref. 108899)

Appendix II: International trade monitored

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Appendix II: Migratory species conserved through agreements

Menace pour l'homme

Utilisations par l'homme

Pêcheries: commercial
FAO - pêcheries: species profile | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Outils

E-book | Guide de terrain

Sources Internet

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(pêcheries: species profile; publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Arbre de Vie | Wikipedia (Go, chercher) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Résilience (Ref. 69278): Haut, temps minimum de doublement de population inférieur à 15 mois (K=0.52-0.78; tm=4.1).
Vulnérabilité (Ref. 71543): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
Catégorie de prix (Ref. 80766): Unknown.