Arbacia lixula   unspecified

Black sea urchin

Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Arbacia lixula  AquaMaps  Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Arbacia lixula (Black sea urchin)
Arbacia lixula

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Echinoidea | Arbacioida | Arbaciidae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Benthic; depth range 0 - 80 m (Ref. 85345).  Tropical; 43°N - 25°S, 48°W - 36°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea: from Sao Paulo Brazil north to Italy and east to Turkey. Tropical and subtropical.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Maximum depth from Ref. 122972. Abundant in shallow rocky habitats (Ref. 122974), found specifically on subtidal rocky coasts to a depth of 80 m (Ref. 122972). Intertidal (Ref. 122980). Most commonly found on vertical rocky surfaces, exposed to a high degree of hydrodynamic forces (Ref. 122974). Lives in reef slopes, but mainly in the sandy bottom (Ref. 122928).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Members of the class Echinoidea are gonochoric. Fertilization is external. Brooding is common, eggs are held either on the peristome, around the periproct or deep into the concavities on the petaloids. Life cycle: Embryos develop into planktotrophic larvae (echinoplateus) and live for several months before they sink to the bottom using their tube feet to adhere on the ground where they metamorphose into young urchins.

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Koukouras, A. and M.-S. Kitsos. 2010. (Ref. 85345)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Not Evaluated 

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial
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Tools

E-book | Field guide

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Common names
Synonyms
Predators
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development
Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Morphology
Larvae
Abundance
References
Mass conversion
Collaborators
Pictures

Internet sources

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, Search) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 16.4 - 21.4, mean 19.3 (based on 106 cells).
Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.