| Main Ref. | Rajagopal, S., V.P. Venugopalan, K.V.K. Nair, G. van der Velde, H.A. Jenner and C. den Hartog, 1998 |
| Mode | dioecism |
| Fertilization | external |
| Spawning Frequency | |
| Batch Spawner | No |
| Reproductive Guild | |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | External sexual fertilization. Spawning peaks coincide with monsoon seasons except in the Philippines and Thailand where spawning is year-round (Ref. 80527). Both sexes release gametes in the water column, where developed larvae remain for two weeks before settling in benthic habitat as juveniles. Sexual maturity occurs at 15-30 mm shell length, roughly 2-3 months age. |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |